After her fellowship, she practiced for 5 years as a civilian provider at Wright-Patterson AFB in their Adolescent Medicine clinic before joining Cornerstone Pediatrics. She then went on to complete her Adolescent Medicine fellowship training at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center along with additional training in healthcare quality improvement. She completed her undergraduate degree at the University of California, San Diego, her medical degree at Albany Medical College in upstate New York and her Pediatric training at St Louis Children's Hospital/Washington University in Missouri. Dritz grew up as part of a military family, so she's from a little bit of everywhere, but has now made Ohio her home. Molecular docking of the TLR4 vaccine showed that the simulated vaccine has a high binding affinity for TLR-4, reflecting its ability to stimulate the innate and adaptive immune response.Dr.
Evaluation of the secondary structure of the vaccine constructs revealed a stabilized structure showing 36.44% alpha-helices, 20.45% drawn filaments, and 33.38% random helices. Among seven epitopes, no mutations were observed in 100 randomly selected SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins in the study area. West Africa and North Africa have 76.65% and 76.13%, respectively, while Central Africa (75.64%) has minimal coverage. The vaccine candidate has good population coverage, with the highest range in East Africa (80.44%) followed by South Africa (77.23%). In addition, the results showed that the candidate vaccine was antigenic, non-allergenic, non-toxic, thermostable, and hydrophilic. The molecular weight (MW) was predicted to be 223.1 kDa, well above the acceptable threshold of 110 kDa on an excellent vaccine candidate. The candidate vaccine consisted of seven epitopes, a highly immunogenic adjuvant, an MHC I-targeting domain (MITD), a signal peptide, and linkers. The epitopes were further subjected to multiple evaluations to select epitopes that could elicit a sustained immunological response. Various immunoinformatics tools have been used to predict T- and B-lymphocyte epitopes. The authors suggest that bioinformatics and immunoinformatics approaches be used to develop a multi-epitope mRNA vaccine against the spike glycoproteins of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in selected African countries. This also applies to the omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in South Africa. Although several variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged from mutations crossing continental boundaries, about 6000 delta variants have been reported along the coast of more than 20 countries in Africa, with South Africa accounting for the highest percentage. In most cases, vaccine development depends on the spike glycoprotein, which serves as a medium for its entry into host cells. Measures to reduce threats from the pandemic include social restrictions, restrictions on international travel, and vaccine development. The study’s relevance is dictated by the fact that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began its global threat at the end of 2019 and since then has had a devastating impact on the whole world. This article is devoted to applying bioinformatics and immunoinformatics approaches for the development of a multi-epitope mRNA vaccine against the spike glycoproteins of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in selected African countries.
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